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On Point is a judicial analysis blog written by members of the Wisconsin State Public Defenders. It includes cases from the Wisconsin Court of Appeals, Supreme Court of Wisconsin, and the Supreme Court of the United States.

Philadelphia’s new DA is serious about reforming criminal justice

He’s “rolling out wild, unprecedented” policies per this Slate article. Wild ideas like not offering the testimony of police officers known to be dishonest, or considering the economic cost of prison time when making sentencing recommendations. He just issued a memo to his staff saying his policies “are an effort to end mass incarceration and bring balance back to sentencing.” Read the whole thing; it’s fascinating to consider the wide range of approaches available to the most powerful actor in the system.

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February 2018 publication list

On February 28, 2018, the court of appeals ordered the publication of the following criminal law related decisions:

State v. Marcos Rosas Villegas, 2018 WI App 9 (addressing guilty plea waiver rule and holding lawyers need not advice clients about DACA consequences of plea)

State v. Mario Douglas, 2018 WI App 12 (inaccurate advice about consequences of going to trial invalidated plea)

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SCOTUS discusses standard of review for mixed questions of law and fact

On March 5, 2018, the Supreme Court decided U.S. Bank N.A. v. Village at Lakeridge, USSC No. 15-1509, 2018 WL 1143822, a bankruptcy case that we note here solely because it addresses a narrow issue that can matter to appellate litigators, civil and criminal: What is the standard of appellate review of mixed questions of law and fact? The answer: Well, it “depends,” though less so in the kind of constitutional questions criminal litigators often face.

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Digital versions of the U.S. Reports available

Via this Scotusblog post, we learn the Law Library of Congress has made available digital versions of the U.S. Reports from the Founding Era onward to 2004, just in case you want to see a page image of some of your favorite Supreme Court decisions from those dusty old books lawyers used to have to consult. Terry v. Ohio, perhaps. Or Miranda v.

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Defendant pleading NGI doesn’t need to know maximum length of commitment

State v. Corey R. Fugere, 2018 WI App 24, affirmed, 2019 WI 33; case activity (including briefs)

Because civil commitment is neither punishment nor a direct consequence of a guilty or no contest plea, a defendant entering an NGI plea does not have to be advised during the plea colloquy of the maximum term of commitment that could be ordered.

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Court of Appeals asks SCOW to review juvenile life sentences

State v. Curtis L. Walker & State v. Omer Ninham, 2016AP1058 & 2016AP2098, Districts I & III, 3/6/18; case activity (including briefs): Walker; Ninham

Issue:

We certify these appeals to determine whether Wisconsin case law regarding life sentences without parole for juvenile murderers comports with recent pronouncements from the United States Supreme Court, and whether the sentencing courts in these cases adequately considered the mitigating effect of the defendants’ youth in accord with those Supreme Court pronouncements.

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Court of Appeals construes “directed at” element of stalking statute

State v. Korry L. Ardell, 2017AP381-CR, District 1, 3/6/18 (not recommended for publication); case activity (including briefs)

Ardell was convicted of stalking in violation of § 940.32(2) for sending emails about N., a woman he had dated, to a former employer of N. (¶¶3-20). The court of appeals rejects his arguments that, under the plain language of the statute: 1) conduct or statements regarding N. but directed at a third party were irrelevant absent proof Ardell either intended such information to be passed on to the alleged victim or intended the third party to harass the alleged victim based on the information; and 2) the jury instructions failed to apprise the jury that the state had to prove that intent before they could convict him.

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Other-acts evidence proper; prosecutor’s closing improper, but not prejudicial

State v. Deandre D. Rogers, 2017AP670-CR, District 1, 3/6/18 (not recommended for publication); case activity (including briefs)

Evidence that Rogers was identified as a passenger in a vehicle reported stolen was properly admitted in his armed robbery trial because it provided “context” and “background” to one of the robbery charges for which he was on trial. And while the prosecutor made in improper argument in rebuttal closing because it wasn’t based on any evidence whatsoever, the argument wasn’t prejudicial.

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Mistake about whether sentence would be served in jail or prison doesn’t require sentence modification or resentencing

State v. Bruce D. Johnson, 2017AP834-CR, District 3, 3/6/18 (one-judge decision; ineligible for publication); case activity (including briefs)

Even if the sentencing court erroneously thought the sentence he was imposing on Johnson would be served in the jail rather than prison, that mistake doesn’t provide grounds for a sentence modification or resentencing.

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Trial judge answered jury question without consulting the parties, but error was harmless

State v. Roman D. Lovelace, 2017AP943-CR, District 1, 3/6/18 (not recommended for publication); case activity (including briefs)

During deliberations at Lovelace’s trial on a charge of burglary as party to a crime, the jury sent a note to the judge asking how burglary and party to a crime “relate” and whether they were “two separate charges or one in the same.” Without consulting the parties the court sent a written response telling the jury to review the written instructions they were given. (¶4). The judge shouldn’t have done that without consulting Lovelace’s attorney, but the error was harmless.

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On Point provides information (not legal advice) about important developments in the law. Please note that this information may not be up to date. Viewing this blog does not create an attorney-client relationship with the Wisconsin State Public Defender. Readers should consult an attorney for their legal needs.