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On Point is a judicial analysis blog written by members of the Wisconsin State Public Defenders. It includes cases from the Wisconsin Court of Appeals, Supreme Court of Wisconsin, and the Supreme Court of the United States.

Expectation of Privacy — Automobile Passenger — “Standing” to Challenge Stop

State v. Anthony Harris, 206 Wis. 2d 243, 557 N.W.2d 245 (1996), reversing unpublished decision of court of appeals For Harris: Robert J. Diaz Issue: Whether passenger who is not target of vehicle stop has standing to challenge its lawfulness. Holding: … [M]ost of the federal circuit courts have held that a traffic stop of a vehicle constitutes […]

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Judicial Bias/Disqualification — Judge Close Relative of “Counsel Thereto” A Party

State v. Crystal Harrell a/k/a Parker, 199 Wis. 2d 654, 546 N.W.2d 115 (1996) Issue/Holding: The issue before us is whether, in a case tried by the district attorney’s office, a circuit court judge, whose spouse is an assistant district attorney in the same county, is required to disqualify himself or herself under either Wis. […]

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“Shiffra” Material –Preliminary Showing for In Camera Inspection

State v. Munoz, 200 Wis. 2d 391, 395, 546 N.W.2d 570 (Ct. App. 1996) For Munoz: Craig M. Kuhary Issue/Holding: Here, as in Lederer, the defense offered nothing more than “the mere possibility” that the records “might produce some evidence helpful to the defense.” Lederer, however, was decided before Shiffra. The broad language of Shiffra-“that the sought-after evidence is relevant and may […]

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Guilty Pleas – Required Knowledge — Collateral & Direct Consequences — Sexually Violent Persons Commitment

State v. Robert L. Myers, Jr., 199 Wis. 2d 391, 544 N.W.2d 609 (Ct. App. 1996) Issue/Holding: We agree with the State that the potential for a future ch. 980, Stats., commitment was a collateral consequence of Myers’ guilty plea. Trial courts may not accept a guilty plea unless they are satisfied that the plea […]

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Voluntary Statements – Generally

State v. Wilfred E. Tobias, 196 Wis. 2d 537, 538 N.W.2d 843 (Ct. App. 1995) For Tobias: Barbara A. Cadwell Issue/Holding: That suspect had learning disability, required medication to deal with visual hallucinations but was off his meds during the interrogation not enough to establish voluntariness.

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Briefs – Argument – Must Be Supported by Authority

State v. Mary Boyer, 198 Wis. 2d 837, 543 N.W. 562 (Ct. App. 1995): In an “argument” presented in one sentence, the defendants assert, without citation to authority, that if § 161.47, STATS., does not apply to them, “there is an equal protection under the law problem that will arise.” Arguments in appellate briefs must […]

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Presentence Report — Postsentencing Access: Court Authorization Required

State ex rel. Hill v. Zimmerman, 196 Wis. 2d 419, 538 N.W.2d 608 (Ct. App. 1995) Issue/Holding: Section 972.15(2), Stats., provides, “When a presentence investigation report has been received the judge shall disclose the contents of the report to the defendant’s attorney … prior to sentencing.” (Emphasis added.) Thus, before sentencing, a defendant has an absolute right […]

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Reasonable Suspicion – Frisk – High-Crime Area, et al.

State v. Michael T. Morgan, 197 Wis. 2d 200, 539 N.W.2d 887 (1995) For Morgan: Wm. J. Tyroler, SPD, Milwaukee Appellate; Calvin Malone Issue/Holding: … The court of appeals then held that the search of Morgan was supported by articulable facts in the record, including the “fairly-high-crime-rate area”; Morgan’s driving in two alleys at approximately […]

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Warrants – Probable Cause – Search “All Persons” Provision

State v. Nakia N. Hayes, 196 Wis. 2d 753, 540 N.W.2d 1 (Ct. App. 1995) For Hayes: William E. Schmaal, SPD, Madison Appellate Issue/Holding: Next, Hayes argues that innocent persons could become caught up in the “all occupants” provisions of the search warrant. This obviously is true. But it does not necessarily invalidate the warrant. The […]

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Attenuation of Taint — Statements

State v. Wilfred E. Tobias, 196 Wis.2d 53, 538 N.W.2d 843 (Ct. App. 1995) For Tobias: Barbara A. Cadwell Issue/Holding1: The primary concern in attenuation cases is whether the evidence objected to was obtained by exploitation of a prior police illegality or instead by means sufficiently attenuated so as to be purged of the taint. Anderson, […]

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On Point provides information (not legal advice) about important developments in the law. Please note that this information may not be up to date. Viewing this blog does not create an attorney-client relationship with the Wisconsin State Public Defender. Readers should consult an attorney for their legal needs.